Detailed assessment of cardiac status. Begins with history and physical examination and is followed by appropriate medical tests.

Can be bundled with ECG, Echocardiography, and Treadmill test.

A simple, inexpensive, yet crucial test in the diagnosis of cardiac problems. Interpretation of a 12 lead ECG aids in assessment of cardiac health.

A small device worn around a belt, and attached to a cuff around the patient's arm, measures blood pressure (BP) at regular intervals. BP is measured in your comfort zone at home or at work, without the stress of visiting the doctor. 

Ultrasonography of the heart. A commonly performed test in the assessment of cardiac function and health. It gives us an understanding of the pumping function of the heart and the function of heart valves. Also gives information about the pressures within the heart.   

ECG during physical stress provides valuable clinical information regarding exercise tolerance, physical conditioning, in addition to aiding in diagnosis of coronary artery disease. 

A diagnostic test performed through a tiny puncture (1.9 mm) in the skin of the wrist or the groin region. Using dye, blood flow in the vessels supplying the heart can be studied. May be performed as a day-care procedure, with same-day discharge for some patients.

A life-saving procedure to treat blockages in the blood vessels of the heart using a small mesh tube called a stent. The procedure only requires mild sedation. It is a minimally invasive alternative to coronary artery bypass surgery.

The procedure may be performed in an emergency setting during a heart attack or as a planned procedure for those patients experiencing angina (chest pain) on exertion. The usual recovery period from a routine(non-emergency) angioplasty is 1 day. 

Pacemakers are small battery-operated devices that correct some rhythm or speed abnormalities of the heart. The procedure can be performed under sedation via a small 3 cm incision under the collar bone. The device is connected to a pacing wire through which the device tells the heart when to beat. 

When undergoing non-cardiac surgery, for example for hernia repair or gall bladder surgery, most surgeons require a pre-operative assessment of cardiac risk. Several tests combined with clinical history and physical examination allow us to categorise the risk of having cardiac problems during or after the surgery.